inurto
thesis project, 2020 | mentor: loredana di lucchio
project description:
children who live in cities in a digital games era need various games and environments to play because children’s development includes different stages of play. inurto provides a brand-new structural approach to traditional playgrounds and offers inclusive play in an urban context.
user-research:
social forms of play:
unoccupied play starts with birth and it refers to random movements with no purpose. they develop self-confidence and start to learn about their environments.
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solitary play covers the infancy period and it extends toddlerhood however, never stops. it continues once you have learned solitary play. this period gives young children to think, explore and create. when a child engaged in solitary play, they do not notice their social environment therefore, they do not interact with anyone (Halloran, n.d.).
onlooker play happens most frequently during the toddler years (2-2.5 years), however, can happen at any age. this occurs when children start to look at others’ play, spend most of their time observing and watching other children play. there is no effort to join the game (Parten, 1932).
parallel play occurs in toddler age and continues its development through preschool age, likewise, other types of play can happen at any age. parallel play starts when children begin to play side-by-side with other children without any interaction (Halloran, n.d.). it’s an important first step in learning how to interact with others. for the reason that it considers a primitive form of sociability (“Stages of play in early childhood development”, n.d.).
associative play is seen around 3-4 years. this aspect consists of each child engaging in a separate activity but with the assistance and cooperation of others. children will begin to interact through talking, borrowing, and taking turns with toys, but each child acts alone (“Stages of play in early childhood development”, n.d.).
cooperative play as known as social play is the most developed stage of Parten’s theory. It is quite apparent in the later preschool years when children have acquired the skills to interact together for the purpose of play (“Stage 6: Collaborative/ Cooperative Play - Seriously Kids”, n.d.).
playground and structure examples:
Current playgrounds usually have recreational equipment such as the seesaw, merry-go-round, swing, slide, climber, ladder, sandbox, spring rocker, and many. These equipment types help children develop physical coordination, strength, and flexibility, as well as providing recreation and enjoyment and supporting social and emotional development. Standard public park playground design today consists of structures and facilities that support primarily physical activities and are aimed at the average age of the user of between 6 to 9 years of age, primarily boys (Hendricks, 2016, p. 54).
analysis of playgrounds:
locations in cities (Rome and Bursa)
types of playgrounds
current examples in Rome and Bursa
evolutions of playgrounds
analysis of structures:
most widespread types of play structures
age-related social and cognitive developments
socialization potentiality
types of activities
supported physical abilities
identified problems of playgrounds:
isolation of playgrounds in society and city
sameness among playgrounds
identified problems of structures:
low socialization by play structures
one dimensional play
static states of play structures
spinning station:
The new-age merry-go rounds are called spinning stations and placed sidewalks, squares, parks, subway stations which are far from the danger for children around the city. The spinning stations which take place 1-meter square might confront suddenly while walking. 3 colors have been used in the structure which are copper pink, pine green, and indigo blue. The colors decisions are quite important for children's toys due to gender issues, those three colors have are not indicated a gender role. By the structure itself which are consisted of rounded shapes, soft and comfy shades have been chosen.
rocking station:
the new-age see-saws are called rocking stations and placed sidewalks, squares, parks, subway stations which are far from the danger for children around the city just like spinning stations. the rocking stations which take place 1-meter square might confront suddenly while walking. the circular shape of the rocking station refers to the meaning of circle which is called wholeness and completion. circular-shaped see-saw has been chosen to express the inclusion of play in the urban context.
